Details of the Optogenetic System

General Information of This Optogenetic System (OS)
OS ID
OS00282
OS Name
Step-function opsin with ultra-high light sensitity (SOUL)
 [1], [2]
Photoreceptor (PR)
PR Info
PR Name
Channelrhodopsin 2 (C128S; D156A; T159C) (ChR2 (C128S; D156A; T159C))
Source of Species
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Class
Opsin
UniProt ID
Q8RUT8
GenBank
1304111924
PDB ID
6EID
Mutation Site
C128S; D156A; T159C
3D Structure
Components
Photoreceptor: Channelrhodopsin 2 (C128S; D156A; T159C) (ChR2 (C128S; D156A; T159C))
Cofactor: All-trans-Retinal (Trans-Retinal)
Cofactor All-trans-Retinal (Trans-Retinal)
Controlled Protein Functional protein Channelrhodopsin 2
Detail Info
OS Application Information (1)
Mechanism of Action Ion channel open [ 1] , [ 2]
Controlled Signal Pathway Neuron activation
Effect Activation
Application Activate neurons inside the brain
Note Ambient light will not cause significant SOUL activation,stay active more than 30min after light stimulation
Current Intensity 50 pA
Light Information Activation Wavelength 473 nm
Process Reversible
Deactivation Wavelength 589 nm
Activation Time 60 s
Deactivation Time 100 s
Light Intensity 1-3 milliwatts per square miliimeter(473nm); 1 milliwatts per square miliimeter(589nm)
Expression Information Expression Method Transdution
Cell Lines Mouse lateral hypothalamus neurons
OS Application Information (2)
Mechanism of Action Ion channel open [ 1] , [ 2]
Controlled Signal Pathway Neuron activation
Effect Activation
Application Activate macaque cortex by transdural illumination
Note Ambient light will not cause significant SOUL activation,stay active more than 30min after light stimulation
Current Intensity 0.48 mV
Light Information Activation Wavelength 473 nm
Process Reversible
Deactivation Wavelength 589 nm
Activation Time 10 s
Deactivation Time 20 s
Light Intensity 12 to 173 milliwatts per square miliimeter
Expression Information Expression Method Transdution
Cell Lines Macaque cortical neurons
References
1 An Ultra-Sensitive Step-Function Opsin for Minimally Invasive Optogenetic Stimulation in Mice and Macaques
2 Light takes a deep dive